Bismillahirrahmanirraheem
TADWEEN HADITH
TADWEEN HADITH KA PAHLA DAUR:
is article me ham batayenge ke tabaeen kibaar ka ahad toh door ki baat hai, sahaba kiram (ra) ke ahad ( jo 110 hijri tak hai) me, balke pahli sadi hijri ke aakhir tak hadith ki kiya kuch kitaabein ummat ke haathon me thi,
taake munkireen e hadith hafiz aslam sahab ka ye jhoot tareekhi haqaiq ki roshni me poori tarah saamne aa jaaye
ham us jhoot ko bhi bayan kiye dete hain
farmate hain
"tabeen kibaar ke ahad tak hadithen ghair maduwwin thin aur siwaaye quraan majeed ke ummat ke haathon me koi dusri kitab na thi "
SAHABA KIRAM (RA) KE TAHREERI MAJMUE:
1- Saheefa saadqah
murattab abdullah bin umar wa bin aas (93 hijri)
(bukhari kitabul ilm bab kinayatul ilm)
ye saheefa ek hazaar hadith par mushtamil tha
(usdul ghaba page 233)
aur ab ye musnad ahmad me ye tamam wa kamaal mil sakta hai, is saheefa ko dekh kar unke Padh pote umar bin shuaib (rh) hadithen riwayat kiya karte they, aur akabireen muhaddiseen maslan imam bukhari, malik, ahmad bin hambal, ishaq bin rahoyah wagerah ham unki maroyaat par aitmaad karte they
(tareekh ul hadith wal muhaddiseen page 310)
2- saheefa umar bin al khattab
jab hz umar bin abdul aziz (rh) ne hadith ki jama wa tadween ka huqm diya toh hz umar (ra) ki ye kitab unke khaandaan se mili, us kitab me sadaqaat wa zaqaat ke ahkaamaat darz they,
imam malik farmate hain
" maine hz umar (ra) ki ye kitab padhi thi "
(moatta imam malik page 106)
3- saheefa usman (ra)
is saheefe me bhi zakaat ke jumla ahkaam darj they, ye wahi saheefa hai jiske mutaallik
munkireen e hadith hafiz aslam sahab farmate hain
" hz ali (ra) ke apne bete muhammad bin hanafiya ke haath ek parcha bheja jisme zakaat ke ahkaam darj they toh aapne ye kah diya ke hamen isse maaf rakho"
hafiz aslam sahab isse hz Usman (ra) ki hadith se be'anaayi saabit karte hain
jabke haqeeqat ye hai ke is se hz usman (ra) ki kitaabat hadith saabit hoti hai,
ye waqeya bukhari kitabul jihaad me mazkoor hai
4- saheefa hz ali (ra)
imam bukhari ki tasreeh se maalum hota hai ki ye majmua kaafi zakheem tha
(bukhari kitab ul ilm)
usme zaqaat, sadaqaat, diyat, qisas, hurmat madeena, khutba juma tul wida aur islami dastoor ke nikaat darj they, ye aapke bete muhammad bin hanafiya (rh) ke paas tha
(bukhari kitabul ilm bab kitabiyat ul ilm)
phir imam jafar ke paas aaya, isi ki naqal aapne haaris (rh) ko likh kar di thi
(tadween hadith 7/317)
5- saheefa hz anas bin malik
wah saheefa jise aapne nabi e akram sallalaho alaihi wasallam ko sunaakar uski tasweeb bhi farmayi thi
6- khutba fatah makkah
jise aapne abu shah yamani ki darkhawast par apna mufassil khutba qalam band karne ka huqm diya
(hakim jild 3 page 574)
Ye khutba huqooqul insaani ki aham tafseelaat par mushtamal hain
7- musnad abu hurairah (ra)
iske nuskhe ahad sahaba me hi likhe gaye they, iski ek naqal hz umar bin abdul aziz ke waalid abdul aziz bin marwan governor misr (86 hijri) ke paas bhi thi,
hz umar bin abdul aziz (101 hijri) ne kaisar bin murrah ko likha tha ke sahaba kiram ki jo hadithen tumhare paas maujood hain wah hamen likh kar bhejen, magar abu hurairah ki maroyaat bhejne ki zarurat nahin kyonke wah hamare paas pahle hi likhi hiu maujood hai
( tabaqaat ibn saad 7/157)
8- saheefa hammam bin munabbah
hammam bin munabbah, hz abu hurairah (ra) ke shargird hain, jinhone 138 hadith ka ek saheefa taiyyar kiya tha, ye saheefa doctor hameedullah sahab ne hyderabad deccan se shaaye kiya hai, ye saheefa musnad ahmad bin hambal me darj hai
9- saheefa basheer bin nahek
ye bhi hz abu hurairah (ra) Ke shargird hain, unhone bhi ek majmua hadith murattab kiya tha aur hz abu hurairah par pesh karke uski tauseeb karaali thi
(jame bayan ul ilm 1/72)
10- saheefa hz jaabir bin abdullah (ra)
ye majmua manasik hajj aur khutba hajjatul wida par mushtamal tha, isko aapke shargird wahb bin munabbah (rh) (110 hijri) aur suleman bin qais (rh) ne murattab kiya
(tahzeeb ul tahzeeb 5/215, tirmizi bab maja fil arzul mushtarak)
11- hz aisha (ra) ki maroyaat
jo unke shargird hz urwah bin zubair (rh) ne qalam band kiya
(tahzeeb ul tahzeeb 5/183)
12- hz ibn abbas ki maroyaat
jinhe hz saeed bin zubair (rh) tabai ne murattab kiya
( darimi page 68)
ek dafa taif ke chand log hz ibn abbas (ra) ke paas aaye toh aapne apna jazu'daan nikaala aur usme se chand hadith unhe imla karaayi
(tirmizi kitab ul alal)
13- saheefa umro bin hazam (ra)
jab nabi e akram sallalaho alaihi wasallam ne unhe yemen ka Governor bana kar bheja toh faraiz wa sunan aur sadaqaat wa diyat par mushtamal ahkaam likhwa kar diye
(tareekh ul hadith wal muhaddisin pg 303)
baad me unhone mazeed farameen nabawi shamil karke ek acchi khaasi kitab murattab kar li
( zamimiyah al aalaam saileen man kutub saeed ul mursaleen ibn taoloon)
14- risaala samurah bin jundub (ra)
ye risaala riwaayaat ke ek bade zakheere par mushtamal tha
( tahzeeb ul tahzeeb 4/236 )
jo baad me unke bete ko wiraasat me mila
15- saheefa abdullah bin masood (ra)
jiske mutaallik unke bete abdurrahman ne halfiyah bayan diya ke wah unke baap ne apne haath se likha tha
( jame bayan ul ilm 1/72)
16- risaala saeed bin ubaadah ansari
inke paas bhi hadith e nabawi ka ek risaala maujood tha
( tabaqaat 3/142)
ye they wah majmue jo sahaba ke daur me murattab hue aur jinme beshtar sahaba kiram (ra) ne khud likhe ya likhwaaye they
ab ghaor farmaiyye
Ke agar mana kitaabat hadith waali hadith ka huqm aam tha toh kya ye sab sahaba (maaz'allah) nabi e akram sallalaho alaihi wasallam ke naafarmaan ho gaye they ?????
MUNKIREEN E HADITH KI EK AUR CHAAL'BAAZI:
HZ UMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ (RH) KA FARMAAN SHAAHI
Munkireen e hadith hafiz aslam sahab iske baad farmate hain ke
" baaz cheezein mahaz ilmi lihaaz se likh li gayi thi, maslan hz umar bin abdul aziz ne apne ahad khilaafat me jo safar 99 hijri se rajab 101 hijri tak tha, saeed bin ibraaheem se hadithen likhwaayin aur madeena ke qaazi abu bakr bin hazam ko farman bheja ke umro ki riwaayaat likh lijiye kyonke mujhe darr hai ke unki wafaat se unka ilm zaaye ho jaayega, ye umro (ra) hz aisha (ra) ki riwayaat ka ilm rakhti thin..........hadith ke mudawwin awwal muhaddiseen ke nazdeek imam ibn shahab zuhri tasleem kiye gaye hain, ye khulefaye bani umayya ke darbaar me bahut mu'azziz they, unhi ke huqm se Unhone hadithen likhi, wah khud kahte hain ke hamko hadithon ka likhna ghawaara na tha, lekin un khulefa ne majboor karke likhwaaya........... Imam zuhri ke baad jareej ne makka me, sufyaan soori ne koofa me, ozzie ne shaam me, maamar ne yemen me, haashim ne waasit me, jareej ne rayy me, aur ibn mubarak ne khuraasan me, jo sabke sab ek zamana me they, hadith ki kitaabein maduwwin ki, ye jumlah hazraat dusri sadi hijri ke hain, lekin unki kitaabon me jahan tak maalum hai siwaaye imam malik (179 hijri) ke aur koi kitab ummat ke haathon me nahin hai, uske bhi mukhtalif nuskhon me 300 se 500 tak hadithen hain, bayan kiya gaya hai ke imam malik jab tak zindah they har saal isse kuch hadithen saaqit kar diya karte they, yahi wajah hai ke mukhtalif nuskhon me riwaayaat ki tadad mukhtalif nazar aati hai"
(maqam hadith page 95)
JAWAB:
is taweel aqtabaas me 3 baatein ghaur talab hain
ibteda me toh aap Likhte hain ke
" baaz cheezein mahaz ilmi lihaaz se likh li gayi thi, maslan hz umar bin abdul aziz ne saeed bin ibraaheem se likhwaayin, aur madeena ke qaazi abu bakr bin hazam ko farmaan bheja ke umro bint abdurrahman (ra) ki riwayatein likh li jaayen "
ab sawaal ye hai ke ilmi lihaaz se toh ye hadithen pahle hi logon ke paas maujood thin, aur likhi hui bhi thin, phir hz umar bin abdul aziz (rh) ne kya kaarnaama sar'anjaam diya ???
Aur ibn shahab hadith ke mudawwin awwal kaise ban gaye ????
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